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 Quality Testing
by Media Sciences

Interchangeable Media for Computer Mass Storage
• DVD and CD Optical Discs • Diskettes •
• Quality Testing • Training • Research • Product Certification •

Evaluate critical quality indicators that affect interchange. Comprehensive tests are conducted in accordance with ANSI/ECMA/ISO Standards. Test data is accompanied by an extensive report.

How to Contact Media Sciences
Information About Quality Testing
Test Methods: Why clients have full confidence in our results.
Test Plans: Procedures that are tailored to your objectives.
Comparative Testing: Multiple brands are evaluated and ranked.
DVD and CD Longevity Testing: Evaluate effects of high temperature and high humidity storage.
DVD and CD Unbalance, Eccentricity, and Tilt Testing: Isolate disc problems.
DVD-ROM: Replicated DVD 120 mm optical discs.
DVD-R: Recorded DVD-R 120 mm optical discs.
DVD-R: Unrecorded DVD-R 120 mm optical discs.
DVD+R: Recorded DVD+R 120 mm optical discs.
DVD+R: Unrecorded DVD+R 120 mm optical discs.
CD-ROM and CD-R: Replicated or recorded 120 mm optical discs.
Unrecorded CD-R: Blank 120 mm recordable compact discs.
CD Recorder: 120 mm CD-R writers.
DVD Tester Correlation: Achieve confidence in your test data.
Moderate Cost Media Testers: Test DVD and CD media in-house.
Read Drive Quality Evaluation: Test DVD and CD drives in-house.
Free Test Offer: Test one recorded CD-R disc at no charge.
Unrecorded Diskettes: 5¼", and 3½" flexible disk cartridges.
Recorded Diskettes: Magnetic recorded properties and ISO formats.
Diskette Drives: 5¼", and 3½" flexible disk drives.
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Helpful Topics
Home Page: What's new, quality alerts.
Quality Testing: Obtain test results for indicators that predict successful interchange.
Training Seminars: Learn fundamentals and the newest techniques from experienced instructors.
FAQs: Answers to frequently asked questions about interchangeable computer media.
How to Contact Media Sciences: by phone, fax, e-mail, Internet, or mail.
About Media Sciences: History and personnel.
Site Map: Guide to all resources on this web site.
Other Services: Personalized support, specs, reference and calibration discs, and a torque kit.
Product Certification: Vendor certification based on ISO Standards.
Publications: A Quality Tips book, papers, and a newsletter offer timely information.
ISO Standards: Listings and sources of international Standards for interchange.
Links for Professionals: Other web sites containing useful quality and technology information.
Freeware and Shareware for Computer Media: Conduct quality tests using these programs.

TEST METHODS

EXPERIENCED: Outstanding reputation earned serving the data storage industry since 1985.
RESPONSIVE: Accessible for support and advice based upon test results and knowledge.
ACCURATE: Test equipment correlated with Philips and PTB references.
OBJECTIVE: Independent, third party laboratory of unquestionable integrity.
CONFIDENTIAL: Secured test results are the exclusive property of the customer.

Test methods conform to the ISO product standard, to generally accepted industry practices, and to ISO/IEC Guide 25. Equipment is carefully calibrated to Philips and PTB references.

Activities of Media Sciences are conducted so as to maintain and enhance its established record of independence, integrity, and freedom from any pressures that could compromise its tests.

All test data and reports remain the property of our customer, and safeguards are in place to prevent any unauthorized disclosure.

By using our testing services, procurement officers can identify reliable sources, while suppliers are recognized as credible sources of quality products that conform with international standards and customer specifications.

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TEST PLANS

Please refer to the CD and DVD Glossary to find the meaning of common technical terms.

The TEST PLAN defines tests to be performed, number of samples for each test, defect limits for each test, and accept/reject criteria for the lot under test. Clients may submit a TEST PLAN, or may request that Media Sciences prepare the plan. In the absence of a TEST PLAN, Media Sciences will reject the lot under test upon the occurrence of test samples containing one or more critical defects or two or more major defects.

Media Sciences conducts testing in accordance with appropriate ISO Standards or generally accepted industry practices using carefully calibrated test equipment. Test results exceeding limits may be ranked as Critical Defects, Major Defects, or Minor Defects that indicate nonconformance with a Standard or specification.

Critical Defects are expected to cause unpredictable interchange failures. Upon their occurrence, use of the product should be discontinued until effective corrective action has been confirmed. Product recall may also be necessary.
Major Defects reflect significant interchange risks. Either enhanced quality monitoring should be used while prompt corrective action is taken, or product usage should be halted.
Minor Defects indicate significant, but marginal flaws. Product usage may continue while corrective action is taken by the manufacturer.

VENDOR EVALUATION tests define product quality based on comprehensive test data and analysis, and provide information that can be used for vendor selection or for process capability studies. A narrative Summary analyzes the results and identifies both major and minor positive and negative variances that differentiate the product from industry averages.

TROUBLESHOOTING pinpoints defects for corrective action based on key performance tests that can identify and help to correct mysterious problems that appear and disappear. A narrative Summary analyzes the results and identifies major and minor positive and negative variances from industry averages.

QUALITY EVALUATION is recommended for lot acceptance or for regular monitoring of approved vendors. The Quality Evaluation Report provides accept/reject results for each test and for the lot.

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COMPARATIVE TESTING

Multiple brands are evaluated by Media Sciences and their quality levels are ranked using our proprietary formulas. Results can include longevity testing. Comparative tests often disclose important differences in brand quality, and can also be used to evaluate different lines or facilities of the same manufacturer.

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DVD AND CD DISC LONGEVITY TESTING

High temperature and high humidity storage together with comprehensive initial, interim, and final quality tests verify conformance with Standards or identify problems. Contact Media Sciences about longevity tests tailored to your requirements. Or ask your vendor to provide independent, third party evidence from Media Sciences. Also see Measures of CD-R Longevity.

Typical Longevity Test Sequence:
Serialize and electrically test samples.
Condition samples at elevated temperature and humidity.
Electrically test conditioned samples and measure changes.
Conduct visual and mechanical tests.
Return samples with detailed report and all test data.
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DVD AND CD UNBALANCE, ECCENTRICITY, AND TILT TESTING

Accurate static unbalance, radial eccentricity (radial runout), and radial and tangential tilt measurements employ specially designed optomechanical instruments that are traceable to NIST, and correlate with Philips calibration discs. Both finished and half-discs can be tested, providing quality information for process control or vendor evaluation purposes. Axial deflection, rim concentricity, thickness, center hole and outer rim diameters, thickness, and weight can also be evaluated. Mechanical tests are becoming more important as higher drive speeds make readability even more sensitive to these parameters, are now included in all Media Sciences test packages, and are also available as stand-alone measurements.

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DVD-ROM DISC QUALITY TESTING

Interchange and longevity are fully evaluated by parameter, error, mechanical, and visual tests. Parameter tests include reflectance, differential phase tracking amplitude and asymmetry, tangential push-pull, radial noise, I3, I14, asymmetry, jitter, and cross-track. Error tests include PI errors, PI fails, PO fails, and large defect length and count. Mechanical tests evaluate center hole diameter and burrs, outside rim diameter, radial eccentricity, outer rim concentricity, axial deflection, thickness, radial and tangential tilt, weight, and static unbalance. Visual Inspection detects defects or damage.

pdf DVD-ROM Replica Testing contains additional information (Adobe Acrobat® Reader required,)

Vendor Evaluation fully tests five discs. Troubleshooting fully tests one or more discs. Quality Evaluation samples five discs. Please furnish clean, undamaged samples in the manufacturer's original packaging if possible.

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RECORDED DVD-R DISC QUALITY TESTING

Interchange and longevity are fully evaluated by parameter, error, mechanical, and visual tests. Unrecorded discs are written to full capacity in our reliable, baseline system at client-selected speedsParameter tests include reflectance, differential phase tracking amplitude and asymmetry, tangential push-pull, radial push-pull, radial noise, I3, I14, asymmetry, jitter, cross-track, wobble CNR, aperture ratio, and pre-pit BLER. Error tests include PI errors, PI fails, PO fails, and large defect length and count. Mechanical tests evaluate center hole diameter and burrs, outside rim diameter, radial eccentricity, outer rim concentricity, axial deflection, thickness, radial and tangential tilt, weight, and static unbalance. Visual Inspection detects defects or damage.

pdf Recorded DVD-R Testing contains additional information (Adobe Acrobat® Reader required,)

Vendor Evaluation fully tests five discs. Troubleshooting fully tests one or more discs. Quality Evaluation samples five discs. Please furnish clean, undamaged samples in the manufacturer's original packaging if possible.

Request a Quotation

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UNRECORDED DVD-R DISC QUALITY TESTING

Interchange and longevity are fully evaluated by parameter, error, mechanical, and visual tests. Parameter tests include Rgroove, radial push pull, radial noise, cross-track, wobble CNR, normalized wobble amplitude, aperture ratio, and land pre-pit amplitude and phase. Error tests measure pre-pit BLER. Mechanical tests evaluate center hole diameter and burrs, outside rim diameter, radial eccentricity, outer rim concentricity, axial deflection, thickness, radial and tangential tilt, weight, and static unbalance. Visual Inspection detects defects or damage.

pdf Unrecorded DVD-R Testing contains additional information (Adobe Acrobat® Reader required,)

Vendor Evaluation fully tests four discs. Troubleshooting fully tests one or more discs. Quality Evaluation samples four discs. Please furnish clean, undamaged samples in the manufacturer's original packaging if possible.

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RECORDED DVD+R DISC QUALITY TESTING

Interchange and longevity are fully evaluated by parameter, error, mechanical, and visual tests. Unrecorded discs are written to full capacity in our reliable, baseline system at client-selected speeds Parameter tests include reflectance, differential phase tracking amplitude and asymmetry, tangential push-pull, radial push-pull, radial noise, I3, I14, asymmetry, jitter, track cross, wobble SNR, and wobble beat. Error tests include PI errors, PI fails, PO fails, and large defect length and count. Mechanical tests evaluate center hole diameter and burrs, outside rim diameter, radial eccentricity, outer rim concentricity, axial deflection, thickness, radial and tangential tilt, weight, and static unbalance. Visual Inspection detects defects or damage.

pdf Recorded DVD+R Testing contains additional information (Adobe Acrobat® Reader required,)

Vendor Evaluation fully tests five discs. Troubleshooting fully tests one or more discs. Quality Evaluation samples five discs. Please furnish clean, undamaged samples in the manufacturer's original packaging if possible.

Request a Quotation

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UNRECORDED DVD+R DISC QUALITY TESTING

Interchange and longevity are fully evaluated by parameter, error, mechanical, and visual tests. Parameter tests include Rgroove, radial push-pull, radial noise, track cross, wobble SNR, normalized wobble signal, and wobble beat. Error tests measure ADIP addressing errors. Mechanical tests evaluate center hole diameter and burrs, outside rim diameter, radial eccentricity, outer rim concentricity, axial deflection, thickness, radial and tangential tilt, weight, and static unbalance. Visual Inspection detects defects or damage.

pdf Unrecorded DVD+R Testing contains additional information (Adobe Acrobat® Reader required,)

Vendor Evaluation fully tests four discs. Troubleshooting fully tests one or more discs. Quality Evaluation samples four discs. Please furnish clean, undamaged samples in the manufacturer's original packaging if possible.

Request a Quotation

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CD-ROM AND RECORDED CD-R DISC QUALITY TESTING

Interchange and longevity are fully evaluated by parameter, error, format, mechanical, and visual tests. Parameter tests include reflectance, Rtop, radial tracking (push-pull), radial noise, I3, I11, asymmetry, jitter, length deviation, and crosstalk. Error tests include BLER, BURST, E11, E21, E31, E12, E22, and E32. Format tests evaluate post-gap and conformance of volume and file structure to ISO 9660 and its applicable extensions. Mechanical tests evaluate center hole diameter and burrs, outside rim diameter, radial eccentricity, outer rim concentricity, axial deflection, thickness, radial and tangential tilt, weight, and static unbalance. Visual Inspection detects defects or damage.

pdf CD Disc Testing contains additional information (Adobe Acrobat® Reader required,)

Vendor Evaluation fully tests five discs. Troubleshooting fully tests one or more discs. Quality Evaluation samples four discs and fully tests a fifth disc. Please furnish clean, undamaged samples in the manufacturer's original packaging if possible. Also see CD-R Media Survey and Why CD-Rs Fail.

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UNRECORDED CD-R DISC QUALITY TESTING

Unrecorded 63 minute, 74 minute, or 80 minute CD-R discs are written to full capacity in our reliable, baseline system at client-selected speeds between 1X and 24X. Interchange and longevity are then fully evaluated by parameter, error, mechanical, and visual tests on the recorded discs. Parameter tests include reflectance, Rtop, radial tracking (push-pull), radial noise, I3, I11, asymmetry, jitter, length deviation, and crosstalk. Error tests include BLER, BURST, E11, E21, E31, E12, E22, and E32. Mechanical tests evaluate center hole diameter and burrs, outside rim diameter, radial eccentricity, outer rim concentricity, axial deflection, thickness, radial and tangential tilt, weight, and static unbalance. Visual Inspection detects defects or damage.

pdf CD-R Disc Testing contains additional information (Adobe Acrobat® Reader required,)

Vendor Evaluation fully tests four discs. Troubleshooting fully tests one or more discs. Quality Evaluation samples four discs. Please furnish clean, undamaged samples in the manufacturer's original packaging if possible. Also see CD-R Media Survey and Why CD-Rs Fail.

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CD RECORDER QUALITY TESTING

High quality 74 minute discs are written to full capacity in the client's system or in our reliable, baseline system. The recorded discs are then fully evaluated by electrical parameter and error testing using a stable 1X drive. Parameter tests include reflectance, radial tracking (push-pull), radial eccentricity (runout), radial noise, I3, I11, asymmetry, jitter, length deviation, and crosstalk. Error tests include BLER, BURST, E11, E21, E31, E12, E22, and E32.

pdf CD-R Recorder Testing contains additional information (Adobe Acrobat® Reader required,)

Vendor Evaluation fully tests two drives, each at two speeds. Troubleshooting fully tests one or more drives. Quality Evaluation samples four drives, each at one speed. Recorders must be supported by current software of Media Sciences if discs are written in our system. Specific media and recording speeds may be requested.

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DVD TESTER CORRELATION

Conduct regular in-house evaluation of your important quality evaluation equipment using proven methods and test discs from Media Sciences. Avoid problems by applying the solutions described in the white paper Test Equipment Correlation. Achieve confidence in your test data with our multipoint electrical, optical, and physical correlation and playability tests. Our comprehensive package includes multiple test discs, prescreened by Media Sciences, and a detailed manual describing test methods and test disc properties.

Multipoint DVD-5 and DVD-9 Electrical Parameter tests include jitter, modulation, resolution, HF asymmetry, track cross, DPD amplitude, and (DVD-5 only) tangential push-pull.

Multipoint DVD Electrical Error tests include PIE, PISum8, and PIF.

Optical tests include reflectivity, birefringence, substrate refractive index, and DVD-9 spacer layer refractive index.

Physical tests include substrate thickness, DVD-9 spacer layer thickness, scanning velocity, track pitch, track radial runout, radial and tangential angular deviation, axial runout, and unbalance.

These discs and procedures enable you to confidently rely upon data from your test equipment.

Order your manual and test discs now.

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MODERATE COST DVD AND CD MEDIA TESTERS

Achieve confidence in your duplication process using in-house equipment. Conduct your own tests for DVD and CD vendor qualification, quality monitoring, and troubleshooting. Identify and replace poor quality media and drives that may cause field failures or low duplication yields.

Low or moderate cost testers can conduct limited tests, such as error rates, but accuracy and correlation may be poor unless special precautions are taken. Media Sciences can help you select, qualify, and calibrate your tester using our proven methods. Because limited tests can generate a false sense of security, you should periodically supplement your results with comprehensive tests using our lab.

Moderate Cost Testers ($5,000-$10,000)

Low Cost Testers (Less than $1,000)

Interchange=Drive+Disc+Format+Handling

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DVD AND CD READ DRIVE QUALITY EVALUATION

Media Sciences now provides support that allows you to achieve confidence in your system drives with comprehensive HF, error correction, optical, servo, mechanical, and logical read drive tests. Conduct in-house DVD and CD read drive vendor qualification, quality monitoring, and troubleshooting using proven methods and test discs from Media Sciences, Inc. Identify poor quality drives that may successfully read high quality discs but do not accept marginal or poor discs.

Comprehensive test packages include multiple test discs and a manual describing test methods, test disc properties, disc handling, and test scoring. These enable you to establish and maintain an internal quality program that allows you to confidently manage these important system components.

DVD Read Performance Tests CD Read Performance Tests
Interchange=DRIVE+Disc+Format+Handling

Order your manual and test discs now.

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FREE TEST OFFER

Confusing results are frequently reported when recorded CD-R discs read in some drives but not in others, or just fail in all drives. Such problems are often traceable to dust, bad media, defective recorders, or recording software problems. Sorting out such results requires expensive test equipment and trained operators.

In an attempt to be part of the solution, Media Sciences offers to test, at no charge, one CD-R disc that you send to us. This non-commercial offer may be withdrawn at any time. Tests will be conducted off-hours, and delays should be expected. Your disc will be returned to you postpaid in the U.S. or Canada with a brief report of our findings which will be in the public domain. These will be technical in nature, and may not isolate the source of the problem.

Your submission must be in accordance with all of the following requirements. If not, your disc will be destroyed

  1. Carefully remove all dust from the CD-R disc before recording, then record and finalize (close) the disc, not just a session.
  2. Do not send CD-RW discs, coasters, bad audio recordings, or copies of copyrighted material.
  3. Use only major brand name media (KAO, Kodak, Maxell, Mitsui Toatsu, Ricoh, Taiyo Yuden, TDK, Verbatim, etc.)
  4. Identify the media source, recorder manufacturer/model/firmware revision, recording speed (1X, 2X, 4X, 6X), and software type and version.
  5. Clearly indicate whether the CD-R disc is good, has readability problems in some drives, or is unreadable in all drives.
  6. Include your full U.S. or Canadian mailing address for return together with an e-mail address in case we need to contact you. Do not include any payment.
  7. Mail the disc together with all necessary information to "Media Sciences, Inc., 221 Boston Post Rd E #470, Marlborough, MA 01752-3527 U.S.A."

Again discs received that do not comply with all seven of the above requirements will be destroyed. We welcome questions, comments, or constructive suggestions.

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UNRECORDED DISKETTE QUALITY TESTING

Magnetic parameter tests include 1F and 2F average amplitude, resolution, overwrite, modulation, peak shift (3½" only), and typical field. Statistical data analysis results are provided. Magnetic error tests include modulation, missing bit and extra bit. Visual inspection and torque measurements are included. The customer receives a report, test data, and serialized samples. Quality Evaluation tests up to 55 disks from a 100 piece sample. Vendor Evaluation and Troubleshooting evaluate 30 disks.

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RECORDED DISKETTE QUALITY TESTING

Recorded tests include read errors, format, window margin, amplitude, index error, and radial position. Disks are degaussed and blank diskette quality testing is then conducted. Quality Evaluation and Vendor Evaluation test up to 55 disks from a 100 piece sample. Troubleshooting evaluate two disks.

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DISKETTE DRIVE QUALITY TESTING

Magnetic parameter tests include amplitude, resolution, overwrite, peak shift, and margin code. Mechanical and alignment tests include speed, azimuth, radial alignment, stepper nonlinearity, radial hysteresis, eccentricity, index timing, and skew.

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Media Sciences, Inc. — Dedicated to Quality

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